The United States (US) Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data for April on Friday at 12:30 GMT.
Investors will scrutinize the underlying details of the employment report to assess whether the Federal Reserve (Fed) is likely to consider an interest-rate cut later in the year.
What to expect from the next Nonfarm Payrolls report?
Investors expect NFP to rise by 62K following the surprisingly strong 178K increase recorded in March. The Unemployment Rate is expected to remain unchanged at 4.3%, while the annual wage inflation, as measured by the change in the Average Hourly Earnings, is projected to rise to 3.8% from 3.5%.
Previewing the employment report, TD Securities analysts note that they expect to see signs of stabilization in the labor market after three volatile months.
“NFP likely increased 80K, with 85K private gains and 5K government job losses. Healthcare and leisure & hospitality will likely support most of the improvement. The Unemployment Rate rate should continue showing stabilization at 4.3%. We also expect Average Hourly Earnings to stay modest at 0.2% m/m, with the y/y moving up to 3.7%,” they add.
Automatic Data Processing (ADP) reported earlier in the week that employment in the private sector rose by 109K in April. This print followed the 61K (revised from 62K) increase reported in March. Assessing the report’s findings, “small and large employers are hiring, but we’re seeing softness in the middle,” said Dr. Nela Richardson, chief economist at ADP. Meanwhile, the Employment Index of the Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) Services Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) survey improved to 48 in April from 45.2 in March, reflecting an ongoing contraction in the service sector payrolls, albeit at a softening pace.
Economic Indicator
Nonfarm Payrolls
The Nonfarm Payrolls release presents the number of new jobs created in the US during the previous month in all non-agricultural businesses; it is released by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The monthly changes in payrolls can be extremely volatile. The number is also subject to strong reviews, which can also trigger volatility in the Forex board. Generally speaking, a high reading is seen as bullish for the US Dollar (USD), while a low reading is seen as bearish, although previous months’ reviews and the Unemployment Rate are as relevant as the headline figure. The market’s reaction, therefore, depends on how the market assesses all the data contained in the BLS report as a whole.
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How will the US March Nonfarm Payrolls affect EUR/USD?
The US Dollar (USD) has been struggling to stay resilient against its rivals since the beginning of May, even though the Federal Reserve’s (Fed) April policy meeting delivered a hawkish surprise, with three policymakers dissenting against the inclusion of an easing bias within the policy statement. Improving risk mood on easing geopolitical tensions in the Middle East and suspected foreign exchange market interventions by Japan emerge as primary drivers behind the USD weakness.
In the post-meeting press conference, Fed Chair Jerome Powell acknowledged that the labor demand has clearly softened but refrained from steering away from a neutral guidance because of inflation risks. “Policy is not a preset course,” Powell added, and reiterated that they are in a good place to move in either direction. In the meantime, Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee argued that gains in payrolls are not a good measure of labor slack anymore and noted that the labor market is “stable but not great.”
According to the CME FedWatch Tool, markets are currently pricing in about a 70% probability that the Fed policy rate will remain unchanged at the range of 3.5%-3.75% by the end of 2026. They also see a 13% chance of a 25 basis points (bps) hike and a nearly 17% odds of a 25 bps cut.
A significant negative surprise, a reading below 30K, in the headline NFP print, especially if combined with an uptick in the Unemployment Rate, could revive expectations for an interest rate cut by year-end and cause the USD to come under selling pressure with the immediate reaction.
Conversely, an upbeat NFP print, near or above the market expectation, could cause investors to refrain from pricing in policy easing later this year, as healthy labor market conditions are likely to allow Fed policymakers to take their time to assess the inflation dynamics before deciding on the next step. In this scenario, the USD could stay resilient against its peers and limit EUR/USD’s upside. However, even in this case, a strong USD rally could be hard to come by if markets remain risk-positive heading into the weekend.
Eren Sengezer, European Session Lead Analyst at FXStreet, offers a brief technical outlook for EUR/USD:
“EUR/USD’s near-term technical outlook points to a bullish tilt. The Relative Strength Index (RSI) indicator on the daily chart rises toward 60 and the pair holds comfortably above the 100-day and the 200-day Simple Moving Averages (SMA).”
“EUR/USD could face the next strong resistance area at 1.1800-1.1810, where the upper hand of the Bollinger Band and the Fibonacci 61.8% retracement of the February-April downtrend align. If the pair manages to clear this level, 1.1900-1.1910 (round level, Fibonacci 78.6% retracement) could be seen as the next hurdle before 1.2000 (psychological level, round level).”
“On the downside, an important support area seems to have formed at 1.1710-1.1680 (100-day SMA, 200-day SMA). In case EUR/USD retreats below this region and starts using it as resistance, 1.1650 (Fibonacci 38.2% retracement) could act as an interim support level before 1.1560 (Fibonacci 23.6% retracement).”
Nonfarm Payrolls FAQs
Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) are part of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics monthly jobs report. The Nonfarm Payrolls component specifically measures the change in the number of people employed in the US during the previous month, excluding the farming industry.
The Nonfarm Payrolls figure can influence the decisions of the Federal Reserve by providing a measure of how successfully the Fed is meeting its mandate of fostering full employment and 2% inflation.
A relatively high NFP figure means more people are in employment, earning more money and therefore probably spending more. A relatively low Nonfarm Payrolls’ result, on the either hand, could mean people are struggling to find work.
The Fed will typically raise interest rates to combat high inflation triggered by low unemployment, and lower them to stimulate a stagnant labor market.
Nonfarm Payrolls generally have a positive correlation with the US Dollar. This means when payrolls’ figures come out higher-than-expected the USD tends to rally and vice versa when they are lower.
NFPs influence the US Dollar by virtue of their impact on inflation, monetary policy expectations and interest rates. A higher NFP usually means the Federal Reserve will be more tight in its monetary policy, supporting the USD.
Nonfarm Payrolls are generally negatively-correlated with the price of Gold. This means a higher-than-expected payrolls’ figure will have a depressing effect on the Gold price and vice versa.
Higher NFP generally has a positive effect on the value of the USD, and like most major commodities Gold is priced in US Dollars. If the USD gains in value, therefore, it requires less Dollars to buy an ounce of Gold.
Also, higher interest rates (typically helped higher NFPs) also lessen the attractiveness of Gold as an investment compared to staying in cash, where the money will at least earn interest.
Nonfarm Payrolls is only one component within a bigger jobs report and it can be overshadowed by the other components.
At times, when NFP come out higher-than-forecast, but the Average Weekly Earnings is lower than expected, the market has ignored the potentially inflationary effect of the headline result and interpreted the fall in earnings as deflationary.
The Participation Rate and the Average Weekly Hours components can also influence the market reaction, but only in seldom events like the “Great Resignation” or the Global Financial Crisis.
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